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EU-Ratspräsidentschaft unter ungarischer Führung: Orbáns umstrittene Prioritäten und die Reaktionen aus Brüssel

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Discussion on the Agenda of Hungary's EU Council Presidency with Prime Minister Orbán

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On Wednesday, members of parliament engaged in a discussion with Prime Minister Viktor Orbán regarding Hungary's main objectives for its six-month term leading the EU Council, which commenced on July 1.

In ihrer Eröffnungsrede betonte die Präsidentin des Europäischen Parlaments, Roberta Metsola, dass Ungarn den Vorsitz in einer Phase übernehme, in der die Europäische Union „erhebliche Fortschritte“ erziele. Zu diesen Fortschritten zählte sie die Unterstützung für die Ukraine, die Verstärkung der europäischen Wettbewerbsfähigkeit und die Schaffung eines stabileren und sichereren Europas. Sie hob hervor, dass das Parlament das Zuhause der Demokratie sei, wo Rechtsstaatlichkeit und Meinungsfreiheit unantastbar blieben. Metsola erinnerte außerdem daran, dass trotz unterschiedlicher Ansichten stets ein respektvoller Austausch im Parlament möglich sei.

"Eine Reform der EU ist notwendig," erklärte Ungarns Ministerpräsident Viktor Orbán. Er betonte, dass die ungarische Ratspräsidentschaft beabsichtige, als Vertreter und Antrieb für diesen Wandel zu agieren. Orbán äußerte, dass die gegenwärtige Situation der EU erheblich ernster sei als im Jahr 2011, als Ungarn erstmals die Ratspräsidentschaft innehatte. Er hob die Herausforderungen hervor, darunter den Krieg in der Ukraine, zunehmende Konflikte im Nahen Osten und Afrika, Migrationsfragen, Bedrohungen für den Schengen-Raum und den Verlust der globalen Wettbewerbsfähigkeit Europas.

Orbán sicherte zu, dass Ungarn während seiner Zeit als Vorsitzender des rotierenden EU-Rats als aufrichtiger und förderlicher Vermittler auftreten werde. Dies schließe auch die Bearbeitung der 52 noch offenen Gesetzgebungsverfahren ein, die abgeschlossen werden müssen. Zudem sei das Land bereit, interinstitutionelle Gespräche mit dem Parlament zu beginnen.

He emphasized the importance of competitiveness, pointing out that the EU's economic growth over the past twenty years has significantly lagged behind that of China and the USA, with the EU's share in global trade also decreasing. He identified energy prices as the main obstacle, stating, "By foregoing Russian energy sources, the EU has had to endure substantial growth losses," Orbán cautioned, adding that the green transition alone would not solve the issue. The decarbonization process has slowed productivity and resulted in job losses.

Regarding migration, Orbán stated that protecting Europeans from illegal migration is impossible without external hotspots. He claimed, "The EU's asylum system simply does not work. Illegal migration has led to an increase in anti-Semitism, violence against women, and homophobia." He proposed holding regular "Schengen summits" and urged that Bulgaria and Romania should become full members of the Schengen Area by the end of the year.

Regarding the expansion, Mr. Orbán called for a faster accession process for the Western Balkan countries, emphasizing that "we cannot stabilize the Balkans without Serbia joining."

Der Premierminister von Ungarn betonte die Notwendigkeit einer europäischen Verteidigungsindustrie, eines landwirtschaftsfreundlichen und wettbewerbsfähigen Agrarsektors sowie die Wichtigkeit der Kohäsionspolitik der EU. Er erklärte, dass die Kohäsionsfonds weder als Almosen noch als Spenden betrachtet werden sollten, sondern als eine der bedeutendsten Investitionsstrategien innerhalb der EU, die entscheidend für das Gleichgewicht des Binnenmarktes seien.

Reply from the President of the European Commission

In ihrer Erwiderung an den ungarischen Ministerpräsidenten Orbán bekräftigte Ursula von der Leyen die Unterstützung der Europäischen Union für Ungarn nach den jüngsten Hochwasserereignissen und hob drei Hauptanliegen hervor: die Ukraine, die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit und die Migrationspolitik. Sie äußerte Kritik an der ungarischen Position gegenüber Russland und bedauerte, dass „ein bestimmtes Mitgliedsland“ weiterhin fossile Energieträger aus Russland beziehen wolle, obwohl die EU sich um Energieunabhängigkeit bemühe. Hinsichtlich der Migration verurteilte sie Ungarns Entscheidung, verurteilte Schmuggler freizulassen, und hinterfragte die Visaregelungen des Landes, die es russischen Bürgern ermöglichen, ohne zusätzliche Überprüfungen in die EU einzureisen. Sie warnte, dass dies „Ungarn zu einem Sicherheitsrisiko mache, nicht nur für das eigene Land, sondern für alle Mitgliedsstaaten“. Von der Leyen betonte das Potenzial Ungarns innerhalb der EU und forderte das Land auf, sich „im Dienste der europäischen Einheit“ zu engagieren, anstatt sich von gemeinsamen Werten zu entfernen. (Die vollständige Rede ist hier verfügbar)

Statements from the parliamentary groups

A large number of speakers in the parliamentary session voiced criticism towards the Hungarian Prime Minister, condemning his record since taking over the presidency of the Council. They accused him of transforming Hungary into a hybrid regime, undermining Ukraine's resistance against Russian aggression, and collaborating with illiberal governments in Moscow and Beijing. Many expressed concern about the Prime Minister's disregard for EU values and allegations of widespread corruption in Hungary. Numerous members of parliament showed solidarity with the Hungarian people, who are reportedly suffering due to his administration's restrictions on judicial independence, media freedom, and civil society. Several speakers argued that granting Hungary the rotating presidency was a mistake and called for the suspension of its voting rights in the Council, as outlined in Article 7 procedures.

Some lawmakers disagreed and praised the Hungarian government for its stance on migration policy and its emphasis on competitiveness. They commended Hungary as a protector of traditional values while also criticizing the green transition and what they saw as cumbersome EU regulations that were damaging Europe's economy.

The recording of the discussion can be accessed here.

Contact:

Eszter ZALAN

Armin WISDORFF

Thilo KUNZEMANN

Maren HÄUSSERMANN

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